The Role of Mass Media in Shaping Identity Construction 6

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Interview Question

This list of questions was used only as a guide during the interviews. The latter were semi-structured and did not include all the questions. They did not follow the order below, either.

1. General and ‘warm –up’ questions

1.1 How long you have been living in Britain?

1.2 Do you like life here?

1.3 Tell me how you came to Britain and how you managed to settle down when you first came?

2. Identity

2.1 Religious and national identity

2.1.1 Are you a practicing Muslim?

2.1.2 If yes, how often do you go to the mosque?

2.1.3 How important is the mosque to you as a Muslim living in a Western country?

2.1.3 Do you follow Sharia (Traditional Islamic law) strictly in your life?

2.1.4 Is it always possible for you to follow Sharia in Britain? Give me examples.

2.1.5 Do you consider yourself a British? Or, are you looking forward to become a British national?

2.1.6 What does British nationality mean to you?

2.1.7 Do you think being British contradicts that of being a Muslim?

2.2 Community and identity

2.2.1 What are the ethnic backgrounds of your friends?

2.2.2 How often do you meet? How important they are to you? What do you do when you meet? Issues you discuss?

2.2.3 Do you have relatives in Britain? Do you meet them often?

2.2.4 Do you speak Arabic at home, or with friends?

2.2.5 Do you have social contacts with people from non-Muslims and non-Arab origins? Give me examples.

2.2.6 Do you feel discriminated against for being a Muslim or an Arab?

2.2.7 Do you have personal experience of discrimination? Where?

2.2.9 How do you think the majority of white British people view British Muslims?

3. Mass media reception and consumption

3.1 Media preferences

3.1.1 Do you read newspapers?

3.1.2 Which ones you like most? Why?

3.1.3 What do you read exactly? What news interests you most?

3.1.4 What are the TV channels you watch regularly?

3.1.5 What programs do you watch regularly? Give me examples?

3.1.6 Why do you prefer those particular programs?

3.1.7 What did you watch last night/week for example? How did you find it?

3.1.8 How many hours per day you spend normally watching TV?

3.1.9 With whom do you watch TV normally at home?

3.1.10 Do you plan what you are going to watch?

3.1.11 Who decides about the programs to watch at home?

3.2 Evaluation of mass media performance in general

3.2.1 Do you read/watch any articles/ programs about Muslims in the local media? Give me examples.

3.2.2 What do you think about the news the local media publish/broadcast about Muslims? Give me examples.

3.2.3 Have you heard lately of the news reported by some media about the fact that some ‘Islamic’ terrorists who intended to attack Manchester United Stadium?

3.2.4 How do you find the way the local media cover news about terrorism and Islamic fundamentalism within Britain and in the world at large?

3.2.5 How do you deal with such news? Don’t you feel concerned as a Muslim?

3.2.6 Are you satisfied with the way the Local Media portray Muslims? Why?

3.2.7 What are the things you don’t like in the way mass media cover Muslims? Tell me of an example.

3.2.8 Do you feel there is a difference in the way transnational and local media cover the war in Iraq or the situation in Palestine?

3.2.9 If yes, how do you explain such difference?

3.3 Evaluation of mass media performance after 9/11

3.3.1 Do you think that your life as a Muslim has been affected after 9/11? If yes, in what ways?

3.3.2 Do you think that the way local media represent Muslims has become worse after 9/11?

3.3.3 Do you think Muslims now are represented as before/ worse, better?

3.3.4 what do you think about the repeated media coverage of news and events related to some ‘Islamic’ figures as Abu Hamza Al Masri?

3.3.5 Do you think the media exaggerate about the fear from terrorism?

3.3.6 Do you think the media influence the way ‘English’ people perceive Muslims in Britain?

Appendix II
List Of Respondent

1. Anas: British Moroccan, 38 years old. He has a BA and is self-employed. He has been living in Britain for 12 years.

2. Yones: British Moroccan, 40 years old. He has a BA and works as a civil servant. He has been living in Britain for 10 years.

3. Rashid: British Iraqi, 52 years old. He has a PhD and he is self-employed. He has been living in Britain for 20 years.

4. Rajaa: British Egyptian, 37 years old. She has a PhD and works in a company. She has been living in Britain for 11 years.

5. Azzam: British Libyan, 62 years old. He has an MA and he is retired. He has been living in Britain for 26 years.

6. Saeed: British Algerian, 42 years old. He has an undergraduate diploma and he is self-employed. He has been living in Britain for 13 years.

7. Hisham: British Iraqi, 50 years old. He has a BA and works as a teacher in private schools. He has been living in Britain for 18 years.

8. Raed: British Iraqi, 48 years old. He has an MSc and he is self-employed. He has been living in Britain for 18 years.