Broadcasting in Under Developing Country

Ghana’s media is in transition, having been faced and involved in so many political and social changes. This paper set out to study Ghana broadcasting at present. Looking out at his practices, policies, challenges, problems and how to deal with the modern progress. The destination is to represent a whole picture of Ghana broadcasting as it pertains today

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Ghana Broadcasting History; a Brief

Ghana, the country placed in west coast of Africa, is the first country in African Sub-Sahara to become independent from British colony. Have been ruled by undemocratic military governance, Ghana now have own political system. Unicameral legislature sysem, decentralised local assemblies and general election in every four year.

Broadcasting become Ghana attention when department of the ministry of information is built in 1935 with the main responsbility to formulate mass communication policies and looking for the way how to use media as the tool for information dissemination and country development effectively.

In this year Ghana built the first Radio Broadcasting, named as Goald Coast, with approximately 300 subscribers in Accra. The subscriber is low due to rare and radio expensive. Radio is the privillege of the rich man and most of them are the expatriate community who had come from the countries which had already these mass communication facilities.

In the frist year of Goald Coast programs are only relay and rebroadcast programms from BBC world service and began to expand and redifussion station in Cape Coast in the second year. The following year initalied with opening of new broadcasting house in Accra during the second world war in 1940. At the same time, Ghana begin to broadcast in the four of major Ghana language, are Twi, Fanti, Ga and Ewe. Now due to social development, availability of technology and market economy Ghana have five televisions and seventy radio station.

Framework Analysis

This paper draws on literature of modernization and dependency theory. Traditionally, Africa is not a main actor in communication field. Africa media, and scholars, usually are the echos from west country media. West still a trend setter in media program, technology and studies

The others perspectives in media literature are can be looked in the cultural studies sense, as institutions, as workplaces, as communicative practices, as cultural products, as social activities as aesthetic forms and historical developments.

Cultural Studies (CS) is the way how to looks media as a shaper and shaped by social interaction in society. CS concern the power of media and its roles as the vehicle of culture. CS come from The Birmingham school which led by Stuart Hall. This perspective in resonance with Ben Anderson’s theory about imagined communities when a mass media mediated community where people may not know each other but share common ideas

Another theory in this work is set out by communication and language theory. Because most of media broadcasting in developing country depend on west media program, language become a tool in social transformation. Another perspective to rich this paper is regulation in communication field. There are so many institution, like government, who have interest to keep media as the institition for propaganda. Media is an important tool in propaganda government interest.

The result of this paper will be useful to anyone who interested in studying broadcasting in Africa an for general understanding of the specific one in Ghana broadcasting. This study falls under the broader are of communication in developing countries and will add the literature about communication as a tool for liberation and emancipation in the developing countries.

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